Toward a Theory of First Language Transfer

TRANSFER in L2  vs TRANSFER in L1

TRANSFER in COMMUNICATION INVOLVES THE USE OF THE L1 EITHER TO RECEIVE INPUT OR TO PROCESS OUTPUT.

TRANSFER IN LEARNING OCCURS WHEN THE LEARNER USES THE L1 IN AN ATTEMPT TO ABOUT L2 RULES.!!! MY DEAR FRIEND THIS PART IS REALLY IMPORTANT DO YOU REMEMBER THAT THE TIME WE WERE DEFINING A LANGUAGE TRANSFER WE SAID THAT LANGUAGE TRANSFER IS THE ROLE OF THE NATIVE LANGUAGE IN SECOND LANGUAGE ACQUISITION .... BEING A TRANSFER IS NECESSARY 

TRANSFER IS 

1) a characteristics of COMMUNICATION

2)  a feature of learning

3) both communication and learning transfers are important and interrelated aspects of l2 acquisition.

where the two langauages were 

identical learning could take place through positive transfer.

different learning difficulties appeared and errors occurred resulting from negative transfer